Academia De Islamia

"This Knowledge is religion, so look from whom you take your religion" Ibn Sirin

The Recompense of the Disbelievers and the Righteous

Quran 76:4-12

Allah informs of what he has waiting for those who disbelieve in Him from His creatures of chains, iron collars and Sa`ir. Sa`ir is the flame and fire of the Hell.

Quran 40:70-72

(When iron collars will be rounded over their necks, and the chains, they shall be dragged along, in the boiling water, then they will be burned in the Fire.

Allah swt then says this after mentioning the blazing Fire He has prepared for these wretched people

إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِن كَأْسٍ كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا كَافُورًا

Verily, the Abrar (righteous believers) shall drink of a cup mixed with Kafur

The properties of the Kafur (camphor) are well known; cooling, having a nice fragrance and in addition to this its taste will be delicious in Paradise.

According to Al-Hassan al-Basri, a Tābiʿūn, explains "The coolness of the camphor will be in the pleasantness of ginger"

Thus Allah swt said

عَيْناً يَشْرَبُ بِهَا عِبَادُ اللَّهِ يُفَجِّرُونَهَا تَفْجِيراً

A spring wherefrom the servants of Allah will drink, causing it to gush forth abundantly.

This (drink) that will be mixed for these righteous people will be taken from Kafur, which is a spring that Alla's close servants will drink directly from, without it being mixed with anything, and they will drink to their full from it

The word Yashrabu (to drink) includes the meaning of Yarwa (to quench one's thirst)

Allah swt then says

يُفَجِّرُونَهَا تَفْجِيراً

causing it to gush forth abundantly (Tafjir).

They will have control of it however and wherever they wish. They will have access to it from their castles, their homes, their sitting rooms and their residences. At-Tafjir means to cause to gush forth or flow out

As Allah swt says in Suratul Al-Isra

Quran 17:90

وَقَالُواْ لَن نُّؤْمِنَ لَكَ حَتَّى تَفْجُرَ لَنَا مِنَ الاٌّرْضِ يَنْبُوعًا

And they say: "We shall not believe in you until you cause a spring to gush forth from the earth for us.

And Allah swt also says in Suratul Al-Khaf

Quran 18:33

...وَفَجَّرْنَا خِلَـلَهُمَا نَهَراً

We caused a river to gush forth in the midst of them.

Mujahid said about the verse

يُفَجِّرُونَهَا تَفْجِيراً

as causing it to gush forth abundantly.

meaning that they will divert it to wherever they wish, as supported by Ikrimah and Qatadah

And according to Ath-Thawri's narration, it means "They will cause it to flow wherever they wish."

Whenever Allah swt talks about the missery of evil and wretched people in the Qur'an, He also mentions The Deeds of the these Righteous People, as He says

يُوفُونَ بِالنَّذْرِ وَيَخَـفُونَ يَوْماً كَانَ شَرُّهُ مُسْتَطِيراً

They fulfill vows, and they fear a Day whose evil will be wide-spreading.

which means they devote to worship Allah using that which He made obligatory upon them from actions of obligatory obedience that is based on Isamic Legislation. They also worship Himby fulfilling their vows.

hadith

Imam Malik reported from Talhah bin `Abdul-Malik Al-Ayli, who reported from Al-Qasim bin Malik, from `A'ishah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,

مَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يُطِيعَ اللهَ فَلْيُطِعْهُ، وَمَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَعْصِيَ اللهَ فَلَا يَعْصِه

Whoever makes a vow to obey Allah, then he should obey Him. And whoever makes a vow to disobey Allah, then he should not disobey Him

These people also abandon those forbidden things which He (Allah) has prohibited for them, due to their fear of having an evil reckoning on the Day of Return. This is the Day when the evil will spread out among all people except for those upon whom Allah has had mercy

Al Bukhari recorded this Hadith from Malik. Qatadah said, By Allah! The evil of that Day will spread until it fills the heavens and the earth.

Regarding Allah's statement

وَيُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَى حُبِّهِ

And they give food, inspite of their love for it,

It has been said that this means the love of Allah, the Most High. In their view the pronoun refers to Allah. However, the most apparent meaning is that the pronoun refers to the food. This would mean, they give food while they themselves love it and desire it. This was stated by Mujahid and Muqatil, and it was the preferred opinion of Ibn Jarir.

Allah swt said similarly in Suratul Al-Bakara

Quran 2:177

...وَءَاتَى الْمَالَ عَلَى حُبِّهِ...

And gives his wealth, in spite of love for it.

And Allah swt also says in Suratul Al-Imran

Quran 3:92

By no means shall you attain Al-Birr unless you spend of that which you love

Hadith

Stated in the Sahih

أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ أَنْ تَصَدَّقَ وَأَنْتَ صَحِيحٌ شَحِيحٌ، تَأْمُلُ الْغِنَى وَتَخْشَى الْفَقْر

The best charity is that which you give while you are healthy, covetous, hoping for wealth and fearing poverty.

This means in the condition of your love for wealth, your eagerness for it and your need for it.

وَيُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَيَتِيماً وَأَسِيراً

And they give food, inspite of their love for it, to the poor, the orphan and the captive

Ibn `Abbas said, "At that time (when this Ayah was revealed) their (the Muslims) captives were idolators." Proof for this is that on the day of Badr the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded his Companions to treat the captives respectfully. They (the Companions) would give them preference over themselves when eating their meals. `Ikrimah said, "They (captives) are the slaves." Ibn Jarir preferred this opinion since the Ayah generally refers to both the Muslim and the idolators. Sa\`id bin Jubayr, `Ata', Al-Hasan and Qatadah all made similar statements.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ advised treating servants well in more than one Hadith. This held such importance with him that the last statement of advice that he gave (before dying) was his saying,

الصَّلَاةَ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُم

The prayer (As-Salah) and what your right hand possesses (slaves)

Mujahid, an early Classic Muslim Scholar, said "He9the captive) is the prisoner"

These righteous people give food to others even though they themselves desire it and love it

إِنَّمَا نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ

لاَ نُرِيدُ مِنكُمْ جَزَآءً وَلاَ شُكُوراً

(We wish for no reward, nor thanks from you.) meaning, `we do not seek any reward from you in return for it. We also are not seeking for you to thank us in front of the people.

We feed you seeking Allah's Face only.

إِنَّا نَخَافُ مِن رَّبِّنَا يَوْماً عَبُوساً قَمْطَرِيراً

Verily, We fear from our Lord a Day that is `Abus and Qamtarir.

`we only do this so that perhaps Allah may have mercy on us and treat us with gentleness on the Day that is `Abus and Qamtarir.

According to a narration from Ibn Abbas as transmitted by Ali bin Abi Talhah "Abus means difficult and Qamtarir means long."

From Iktimah and others narrates from Ibn Abbas

يَوْماً عَبُوساً قَمْطَرِيراً

a Day that is `Abus and Qamtarir (hard and distressful, that will make the faces look horrible from extreme dislike to it.)

"The disbeliever will frown on that day until sweat will flow between his eyes like tar."

According to Mujahid , "Abus `Abis means (frowning with) the two lips and Qamtarir means drawing up the face in a scowl."

According to Ibn Zayed " `Abus is the evil and Qamtarir is the severity."

According to Sa'id bin Jubayr "Faces will be made to frown due to dismay. Qamtarir is the contraction of the forehead and what is between the two eyes due to dismay."

Rewards of Righteous in Paradise

And Its Delights

فَوَقَـهُمُ اللَّهُ شَرَّ ذَلِكَ الْيَومِ وَلَقَّـهُمْ نَضْرَةً وَسُرُوراً

So, Allah saved them from the evil of that Day, and gave them Nadrah (a light of beauty) and joy.

فَوَقَـهُمُ اللَّهُ شَرَّ ذَلِكَ الْيَومِ

So, Allah saved them from the evil of that Day

وَلَقَّـهُمْ نَضْرَةً

and gave them Nadrah (a light of beauty)

وَسُرُوراً

Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Qatadah, Abu `Aliyah and Ar-Rabi` bin Anas all stated 'Joy in their hears'

وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُّسْفِرَةٌ - ضَـحِكَةٌ مُّسْتَبْشِرَةٌ

Some faces that Day will be bright, laughing, rejoicing at good news.

This is because if the heart is happy, then the face will be enlightened

Hadith

Ka`b bin Malik said in his lengthy Hadith about Allah's Messenger ﷺ, whenever he was happy, then his face will be radiant until it will be as if it is a piece of the moon. `A'ishah said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered into my home happy and his facial expression was glowing."... continues

وَجَزَاهُمْ بِمَا صَبَرُواْ

And their recompense because they were patient

due to their patience He will give them, bestow upon them and accommodate them with Paradise and silken garments. This means a home that is spacious, a delightful life and fine clothing. Al-Hafiz Ibn `Asakir said in his biography of Hisham bin Sulayman Ad-Darani, "Surat Al-Insan was recited to Abu Sulayman Ad-Darani, and when the reciter reached the Ayah where Allah says,

وَجَزَاهُمْ بِمَا صَبَرُواْ جَنَّةً وَحَرِيراً

And their recompense shall be Paradise, and silken garments, because they were patient.

Abu Sulayman said, "Because they were patient in leaving off their desires in the world"

Scholarship References